Biological Activity
Actinomycin D inhibits DNA repair with an IC50 of 0.42 μM.
In Vitro
Actinomycin D is an inhibitor of DNA transcription and replication[1]. Actinomycin D markedly reduces the vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferation via the inhibition of BrdU incorporation at 80 nM. This is further supported by the G1-phase arrest using a flowcytometric analysis. Actinomycin D is extremely potent with an inhibitory concentration IC50 at 0.4 nM, whereas the lethal dose LD50 is at 260 microM. The protein expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and Raf are all suppressed by Actinomycin D. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk) involved in cell-cycle arrest are found to increase by Actinomycin D[2].
In Vivo
The pluronic gel containing 80 nM and 80μM Actinomycin D is applied topically to surround the rat carotid adventitia, the thickness of neointima is substantially reduced (45 and 55%, respectively)[2]. Mice in the Actinomycin D and fludarabine group lives significantly longer than the control group with P values of <0.001 and 0.007, respectively. Interestingly, single treatment with Actinomycin D is superior to fludarabine regarding overall survival (P=0.026)[3].
References & source
Published experimental findings depend on the model and assay conditions. They do not guarantee equivalent performance in every application. For laboratory research use only.